There are a wide range of AIs, and the recent AI systems are orders of magnitude beyond earlier systems. This is partially because the network size was scaled up: GPT-4 has 500 billion "neurons".

What researchers have found is that at that scale, intelligence emerges. The systems are not like human intelligence, but they have true intelligence. They don't just repeat what they have learned.

Here is a recent research paper by Microsoft: https://arxiv.org/pdf/2303.12712.pdf