I would like to point out that it seems like there was a lot of agency in what people did - they were not following a framework. Instead, it sounds like they were taking ideas, and then deciding what to do.

That is how it should be.

BTW, I started by "Agile" journey with XP too. I eventually came to reject XP for myself - practices like unit level TDD and pairing do not work well for me. But these approaches work for some people, and - again - we need to have agency about how we work.